Originally extracted from comfrey root, allantoin can be found in other natural sources too, such as horse chestnuts and sugar beets. Its keratolytic action helps maintain scalp moisture through conditioning, while its anti-inflammatory properties help to reduce redness.

Aloe Vera has great moisturizing and healing properties. It soothes the skin with an abundance of beneficial vitamins, amino acids, and minerals.

Cold-pressed oil from Argania spinosa kernels are rich in linoleic acid, which has been shown to suppress the response of certain androgen receptors to DHT.

Oil cold-pressed from the Brassica Oleracea Italica (Broccoli) seed has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties.

Caffeine penetrates and stimulates the hair follicle, allowing hair to grow thicker and faster. It has also been shown to help block the effects of a hormone called DHT, which is known to shrink follicles. In a 2007 study, it promoted hair shaft elongation, resulting in longer, wider hair roots, and also prolonged anagen duration, the hair growth stage.

This lightweight emollient quickly and efficiently helps deliver ingredients to the skin while retaining moisture in a non-greasy way. Often mistaken for fractionated coconut oil, it is made via esterification of glycerin with caprylic (8-chain) and capric (10-chain) fatty acids, those of which are found in coconut oil.

Extracted from Ricinus Communis seeds, castor oil is rich in nutrients and diverse fatty acids to support a healthy scalp.

Derived from an isomer of sorbitol (a sugar), DMI is a solvent that enhances absorption of ingredients to the epidermis, allowing for more beneficial ingredients to reach the target destination.

Commonly referred to as Licorice Root Extract, dipotassium glycyrrhizate is known for its anti-inflammatory properties, having soothing effects on dry skin and scalp.

Reishi (Ganoderma lucidum) mushrooms are widely used around the world for their health benefits. Certain studies have shown that extracts of the Reishi fruiting body can help decrease 5-a-reductase activity.

Glycerin is a moisturizing agent that pulls water from the air and lower layers of skin to the top layer of skin. It increases skin hydration and refreshes the skin surface. Glycerin can also soften dry, flaky skin.

Also known as vitamin B8, inositol can be found in countless natural sources, including cantaloupe, corn, and sesame seeds. Though tangentially, it has been studied for its ability to combat hyperandrogenism, which may translate into potential in androgen-related hair issues.

Used as an emollient, this ester is made from Isostearyl Alcohol and Isostearic Acid and is used mainly for texture to provide softness on skin.

Derived from the Uttwiler Spätlauber, a rare Swiss apple variety, these apple stem cells are rich in epigenetic factors and metabolites and have been shown to protect skin stem cells while also delaying the senescence of hair follicles.

Extracted from olive leaves, oleanolic acid has been shown to inhibit Type I 5-α-reductase, the enzyme responsible for creating DHT.

Red Ginseng Extract has been used as an herbal remedy for generations. Ginsenosides found in the ginseng plant, specifically ginsenoside-Rg3, have potential in remedies for hair-related woes.

A provitamin of B₅, d-Panthenol is readily transformed into pantothenic acid within our bodies. Vitamin B₅ is essential for the generation of red blood cells and the metabolism of nutrients. In addition, it has the ability to penetrate the hair cuticle as a humectant and pull water from the air, thereby improving moisture retention in the hair shaft.

Pine bark has been used widely for its anti-inflammatory properties. Studies show that an examination of polyphenols, flavonoids, and phytosterols show promise for reducing pro-inflammatory pathways, thereby making way for hair to grow more efficiently.

Extracts from the black pepper plant contain piperine, which studies have shown to reduce 5-alpha reductase activity.

Polymethylsilsesquioxane (or PMSQ for short) is used in cosmetics primarily as a film-forming and skin conditioning ingredient, and is also not known to be comedogenic.

Propanediol, or fermented corn starch extract, is a great moisturizer for the hair due to its humectant properties.

Procyanidins are polyphenols found in natural sources, including apple skins, grapes and blueberries, Procyanidin B2, a specific type, has been studied and results suggest it can support hair shaft diameter by potentially downregulating or inhibition translocation of PKC isozymes in hair epithelial cells.

trans-Resveratrol is a stilbenoid, a type of natural polyphenol, is naturally found in the skin of grapes, blueberries, raspberries, mulberries, and peanuts. This powerful antioxidant has been studied and shown to have positive effects on promoting the anagen phase of the hair cycle.

Extracted from the serenoa serrulata plant, saw palmetto works by inhibiting the production of dihydrotestosterone (DHT), the key contributing factor to the onset and progression of hair loss.

Turmeric (Curcuma longa) rhizomes are rich in curcuminoids, which have been used for their many properties. Specific ones, called tetrahydrocurcuminoids (THCs for short) has been known to act as antioxidants and antiinflammatories. As they are often used in standardized extracts, you may see them listed by their individual names, such as Tetrahydrodiferuloymethane, Tetrahydrodemethoxydiferuloylmethane, and Tetrahydrobisdemethoxydiferuloylmethane.

Also known as Vitamin E, tocopherol is a powerful antioxidant shown to promote hair health by reducing oxidative stress.

Red Clover (Trifolium Pratense) has been shown to have positive effects with respect to inhibition of 5-α-reductase activity.